First Trimester
IN THIS LESSON
Video content, worksheets, practice problems and more
In Lesson 13, we introduce students to the mechanisms and nuances of radical halogenation, as well as the fundamental substitution and elimination reactions: SN2, SN1, E2, and E1. This lesson aims to build a strong foundational understanding of these reaction types, which are pivotal in organic synthesis.
Radical Halogenation
Introduction to Radical Halogenation:
Overview of the radical halogenation process, focusing on the formation of radicals and their role in the reaction mechanism.
Mechanistic Steps:
Detailed breakdown of the initiation, propagation, and termination steps in radical halogenation.
Explanation of the factors influencing the selectivity and rate of radical halogenation.
Practical Examples:
Application of radical halogenation in the synthesis of haloalkanes.
Analysis of real-world examples to illustrate the principles discussed.
SN2 and SN1 Reactions
SN2 Mechanism:
Explanation of the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction mechanism.
Factors affecting SN2 reactions, including substrate structure, nucleophile strength, and solvent effects.
Stereochemistry of SN2 reactions: Inversion of configuration.
SN1 Mechanism:
Description of the unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1) reaction mechanism.
Factors influencing SN1 reactions, such as substrate stability, leaving group ability, and solvent effects.
Stereochemistry of SN1 reactions: Racemization.
E2 and E1 Reactions
E2 Mechanism:
Overview of the bimolecular elimination (E2) reaction mechanism.
Influence of factors like substrate structure, base strength, and antiperiplanar geometry.
E1 Mechanism:
Description of the unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction mechanism.
Factors affecting E1 reactions, including substrate stability and the nature of the leaving group.
Comparison of E1 and E2 mechanisms and their competition with SN1 and SN2 reactions.
